Articles

Today you receive the 2nd edition of ptj, with which we publish the presentations of the “Pipeline Technology Conference”, ptc, which was cancelled due to the corona epedemia. The third special issue with the remaining 20 papers will be published soon. The online ptc 2020 as a replacement has brought a surprisingly positive response. The repayment…

To be successful in the ILI business, organization require the right mix of technological capabilities, operational agility and quality standards. The business is fairly competitive, and often technological capabilities are pivotal in the customer proposition of the company. However, the best technologies are not solely required for successful ILI…

Consequences of global warming on Earth’s climate are one of the greatest challenges worldwide faced, particularly by industry players. To effectively reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions, it is necessary to increase efficiency and exploit renewable energy sources. Baker Hughes (BH) developed technologies to reduce CO2 emissions and…

Glass-fibre Reinforced Plastic pipe (GRP) systems, also known as FRP pipe systems, have been succ essful in the world’s markets for more than 50 years. During this time, they have developed into a modern pipe material that is predominantly convincing thanks to its lightweight, corrosion resistance, a smooth inner surface, and easy installation.…

Mittelplate is the largest oil field in Germany, located in the environmental ly sensitive Wadden Sea of the German State Schleswig-Holstein. An artificial Drilling and Production Island, named “Mitt elplate A” (MPA), was build early 1980`s on a tidal shoal and is operated by Wintershall Dea. In 2005, a 10 km, 10” stainless steel (1.4462 Duplex)…

Since 2009 the OMEGA Company develops and produces multifunctional monitoring systems for extended facilities indicating in online mode oil, oil products and gas leaks as far as third party activity in the protected zone using a fiberoptic cable (FOC) as sensing element. Imp lementing distributed acoustic and temperature sensors the Leak Detection…

Gas pipeline leakage poses great threat to the environment pollution and system security. The gas leak mass rate is a key index in the assessment of risk level during pipeline leakage. In this study, compressed air flow in a high-pressure pipeline with leakage is considered, and the leak mass rate is investigated experimentally and numerically.…

A subsea pipeline transporting gas in Malaysia has a smal l leak at its subsea flange at 70m water depth, located 140m away from the processing platform. The flange has undergone three rectification works; however, the repair works were unsuccessful to achieve zero leak. A Quant itative Pipeline Risk Assessment (QPiRATM) fire and dispersion…

The term “natural hazard” is used to describe any natural pheno menon that might have a negative effect on humans and/or the environment. The natural hazards can be classified into two broad categorie s: geological and meteorological (e.g. landslides, volcanic eruptions, heavy storms, floods, droughts and high ambient temperatures). Furthermore,…

the Covid 19 pandemic has overwhelmed us all like a tsunami - unwanted, unanticipated and therefore completely surprising. It has plunged the global economy from a high into a deep crisis in a very short time. Nearly all areas of social and economic life have been affected and have to switch to standby or abort in the shortest possible time - or…

We demonstrate a record length of distributed acoustic fiber sen sing (DAS) for pipeline monitoring. Both intrusion (third party interference) and leakage can be detected. An ultra-sensitive architecture enables record length (100km for a single ended fiber sensing system or 200 km for sensing from both ends) detection while advanced…

The main purpose of a l eak detection system is of course the reliable and sensitive de tection and localization of leaks in a pipeline. Nevertheless certain systems such as those that are based on a pipeline model (e.g. E-RTTM based system, i.e. extended real-time transient model) deliver additional information of the pipeline operation and…

API 1175 discusses the requirements for continuous improvement in pipeline leak detection and the culture required for an effective leak detection program. The most commonly used internal based methods for leak detection are flow balance, negative pressure wave and Real Time Transient Model (RTTM). Several papers have been written on each type of…

Pipeline coatings can be constructed from a multitude of materials, all of which aim to provide a physical barrier between a pipeline and the external environment. Naturally, understanding the degradation characteristics of these different coating materials is critical, as with the onset of coating degradation comes metal degradation, i.e.…

Encroachments on buried HP Gas pipelines represent 50% of accidents on pipelines world-wide. The consequences for pipeline owners can be critical, resulting in fatalities and injuries, but also economic cost: shutdown of refineries, damage to the environment, increased compliance etc. This is a huge issue for both types of pipelines: • Older…

The transport of solid particles in a gaseous or l iquid carrier fluid, usually referred to as slurry transport, is an import - ant technology in various industrial fields. Examples for slurry usage are dredging and mining processes, fer tilizer and cement production, desalination plants, the food and paper industry, sewage disposal and…

Cable crane systems provide the solution when pipelines need to be built in inaccessible terrain. Pipes, construction material and equipment can be transported easily over demanding areas and be positioned at any point of the track. With a max. length of over 3.000 m and a payload of up to 20 metric tons material ropeways (cable cranes) can be…

Many factors affect how and when line pipe wil l experience a pipeline integrity threat, including materials, vintage, environment and loading conditions. An integrity threat of particular interest is stress corrosion cracking (SCC). SCC is a type of environmental assisted cracking (EAC) that can occ ur in line pipe under a ver y specific set of…

Pipeline pigging services in the oil & gas industry are of considerable mar ket size estimated to reach more than 14 billion USD by 2025. It is essential for the operator s to keep the lines open for smooth flow and the intelligent services are in focus to increase efficiency and cut the overall operational costs. Optimal pipeline cleaning…

When installing subsea structures and pipelines, the ability to capture the worst case loading and limiting sea states during the installation analysis can improve safety offshore and l ower the operational risks. Therefore, it is important to select the correct analysis method to obtain the most accurate results. Time-domain irregular wave…

External Leak Detection systems based on distributed fiber optic sensors (DFOS) o ffer the exciting potential to significantly reduce the overall amount of spilled product before a l eak is detected and localized. As an external system, the validation of system performance and equally the verification of an operational installed system is a known…

Asset integrity and operation reliability are primary objectives in pipeline management, nevertheless they require often costly methods, system and procedures. The vibroacoustic technology, developed by Eni S.p.A to detect impacts and spillages on Oil & Gas pipelines, already proved to be able to detect illegal tapping precursor events, and…

This paper presents a procedure for continuous real-time positioning and tracking of a Pipeline Inspection Gauge(PIG) travelling within a pipeline, by exploiting the pressure transients it generates during the displacement. In fact, the PIG produces recognizable sounds when crossing the welding dents and while sl iding against the pipe walls. This…

The routing of a pipeline is one of the most critical but often underrated activities in establishing a pipeline and has a direct impact on all aspects of building the pipeline – design, construction, operation, maintenance and most importantly on the overall cost of the pipeline. A key element which governed the route and design of the Trans…

When a pipeline comes under threat from criminal intent on stealing product by hot-tapping, a rapid and precise response is required to prevent the crime before damage can be done that results in spillage and costly clean-up. Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), uses fibre optic cables which are already in place alongside most pipelines for…