Articles
English
Editorial: Pipelines of the Future: The Impact of Digitalization, AI and Cyber Security
As vacation season ends and we leave behind blue waters, cold mountain air, and colorful foreign dishes, we also return to a new kind of awareness: sensing with artificial intelligence, detecting cyber threats, and anticipating maintenance.Digitalization in the pipeline sector enhances asset management and operations. Real-time data analytics and…
Circular Economy Concept for Aboveground Storage Tanks - Change In Service
Along with extending the life cycle of products, the oil and gas sector has recently implemented the circular economy. Its goals are to increase longevity, manage waste more effectively, and provide an optimal design that makes it simpler to repair, reuse, or remanufacture outdated products. In order to decrease waste and increase the lifespan of…
Comparative Assessment of Levelised Cost of Different Hydrogen Transportation Technologies
Hydrogen, a vital energy vector, is widely accepted as essential for decarbonising the global energy system. Hydrogen has a variety of roles to play in a low-carbon economy. Hydrogen can replace fossil fuels as a zero-carbon feedstock in chemical and fuel production [2]. It can also be used to extend the scope of climate transition to sectors that…
From Pipelines to Home Heating: The Digital Transformation of Natural Gas Distribution
The distribution of natural gas through Istanbul's pipelines requires the control of temperature, pressure, draft, consumption, and composition to securely reach 16 million people. The digitalization journey begins at the gas takeover points and extends to the combi boilers of residents. SCADA is integrated into all regional and central metering…
Hazard Based Protection of Gas Infrastructure Facilities against Cyber-Physical Attacks
The rapid growth in digitalization and automation results in industrial plants increasingly interconnected through IT (Information Technology) and OT (Operational Technology) networks. While this interconnectedness offers significant operational advantages, it also makes plants vulnerable to cyber-physical attacks. Such attacks can lead to major…
How to select the right Leak Detection Methods to cover Legal and Operational Requirements
Leak detection systems are a crucial part in pipeline safety. Unfortunately, general knowledge about these systems is still limited. Due to advantages and limitations of single leak detection technologies the selection process can be difficult – especially when regulation and different operating scenarios have to be considered. Single methods…
New Generation of AI Techniques Applied to Third Party Interference and Leakage Detection on Pipelines
This paper presents a pipeline monitoring system designed to detect, locate, and classify leakages and Third-Party Interference (TPI) incidents along a pipeline right-of-way using Vibroacoustic Technology. The system is ideal for retrofitting existing pipelines and focuses on real-time asset monitoring to detect activities such as excavation or…
ptj Insights - Bats, Bees, Snakes, Octopuses and Pigs!
In Professor Hopkins’ previous ptj Insights, the focus was on pipeline defects. In this ptj Insights, we will focus on anomalies. The word “anomaly” applies here since we will look at inspection devices that infer as-yet unconfirmed defects. An “anomaly” deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected. The word “defect” is only used when…
ptj Young Pipeliner - Validation of ILI Performance, the Importance of ILI Validation in the Energy Transition to Hydrogen Fuels
Validation of ILI performance is a critical component of any in-line inspection campaign to ensure that the ILI performance specification has been achieved. This allows high confidence integrity decisions to be made using the ILI data. The issues posed by the energy transition and the introduction of Hydrogen into existing gas networks present…
Editorial: The Pipeline Industry in a Changing Energy Landscape
Welcome to the 2nd issue of the Pipeline Technology Journal in 2024 which is addressing aspects of the climate emergency and the role the pipeline industry can play. As an integral part of the advancing global energy transition, it is expected to supply cleaner, more sustainable yet affordable energy in the near future. An emphasis on…
An Innovative Approach to Optimize Near Shore Burial Requirements of Subsea Pipelines Based on Field Experience
Subsea pipelines originating from offshore fields and approaching land are required to be buried in near shore area to provide protection against environmental loading, marine activity, instability and unfavourable soil conditions.This paper presents an innovative approach to optimize near shore burial requirements of subsea pipelines. This…
Crucial Challenges in the Design of CO2 Pipeline Clusters
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) plays a critical role in meeting global net-zero targets. Pipeline clusters are under development to transport carbon dioxide (CO2) from disparate emitters to a common injection site. Design requirements vary depending on system configuration and transport phase (gas versus dense). Examples are:Diverse industries…
Faster Realization of Infrastructure Projects
Shortly after the war in Ukraine had begun, it became clear that Germany needed to diversify its sources of natural gas supply to reduce its dependency and ensure its national energy security. The import of liquefied natural gas (LNG) through the Wilhelmshaven port required a strong connection to the national gas transmission network. OGE had to…
Innovative Pipeline Inspection Technique: Tackling Complex Manifold Challenges with a Dual-Tool Assembly
Intero Integrity Services was tasked by a prominent energy company with inspecting a 36" pipeline in 2023, which included a challenging manifold inspection. The challenge stemmed from a manifold featuring six large-diameter take-offs, posing a significant obstacle for standard bidirectional pigs and inspection tools.Following successful…
Overcoming data access challenges to provide an effective leak detection system
As pipeline industry challenges continue to grow, it’s never been more important to make maximum use of the data available for leak detection. Crucial to this is the deployment of hardware that allows pipeline operators to access more data, resulting in a more effective leak detection system.In this article, Sales and Senior Research Engineer…
Software-based assessment of hydrogen-readiness of pipelines supported by GIS data
This article describes an approach to the assessment of steel pipelines regarding their potential suitability for hydrogen transportation. The assessment is made based on pipeline inventory data available in georeferenced form in a GIS, as well as in supplementary databases, and uses the software platform trascue. PIMS by GEOMAGIC GmbH, combined…
The LTS Futures Project – a UK Operator’s (SGN) Experience of Assessing the Feasibility of Repurposing their Natural Gas Transmission System to Transport Hydrogen
The Local Transmission System (LTS) is the backbone of the United Kingdom (UK) energy network, delivering natural gas from the National Transmission System (NTS) to towns and cities across the country.The four Gas Distribution Networks (GDNs) operate approximately 11,000 km of high-pressure pipelines, operating at pressures above 7 barg. The…
Editorial: Selecting the proper inspection programs
Considering systemic approaches and effective models, with detailed steps and an integrated management program for all components and assets in any pipeline network can enhance the reliability of the network, and promote the system to the next level of excellence. Pipelines comprise of the most efficient methods of energy transportation and…
How to see what cannot be seen within a Disastrous, Highly Corroded Subsea Gas Pipeline during Repair and Pre- Commissioning Process
Repairing a subsea pipeline has its own special challenges. It goes from levelling the pipeline inner pressure with seabed pressure at depth of damage, to cutting the line, installation of smart flanges and spool pieces, and finally going through pre-commissioning steps and miscellaneous pigging operations. During all these steps, it is inevitable…
In-pipe Ultrasonic Inspections of Mud and Tailing Lines: how to manage difficult to remove Scaling, provide quality and accurate Defect Assessments of steel and HDPE
Rio Tinto Yarwun Aluminium Refinery (RTY) is expanding its pipeline integrity assessment technologies. As part of this effort, RTY has been working with Intero Integrity Services (Intero) to introduce Intero’s Pipeline Surveyor services, a free-swimming pipe inspection tool.Rio Tinto is one of the world's largest mining companies, operating in 25…
ptj Insights - Defects in Pipelines and their Assessment
There are over 4 million kilometres of transmission pipelines transporting crude oil and its products, and natural gases around the World. These costly and valuable, but potentially hazardous, assets are ageing,with most over, or approaching, 50 years old. This ageing can cause defects such as corrosion in the pipelines, but the good news is that…
Robust Ultrasonic Transducers for Pipeline Inspection
Pipeline inspection for cracks and corrosion through intelligent inline tools relies on ultrasonic probes, demanding a 100% first-run success rate to minimize costs. These probes face harsh environmental conditions within pipelines, necessitating utmost stability for optimal functionality. Material selection and rigorous testing during development…
Small Diameter Pipeline Inspection
Conventional tools for inspecting pipelines have historically been designed for long length, larger diameter transmission lines, typically up to 48 inches. Correspondingly, pipeline inspection gauges (PIGs) designed to inspect these pipelines have comparable diameters and consist of multiple carriages equipped with diverse inspection tools, logic…
The Challenge of an All-In-One Inspection - First Results and Benefits
For more than 5 years TRAPIL, a pipeline operator has researched an inspection tool that would allow, in a single run, the detection, location, identification and sizing of dents, metal losses and crack anomalies (axial and circumferential) affecting liquid product pipelines. The search for an “all-in-one” tool would generate gains in terms…
Editorial: Data Science & Artificial Intelligence
W. Edwards Deming, a prominent statistician and consultant in the field of quality management during the latter half of the twentieth century, asserted that every corporation should have a skilled statistician reporting to the senior leadership so that critical decisions could be based on sound statistical evidence. The rise of data science as a…